Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a type of vertigo caused by calcium crystals in the inner ear. These crystals are usually located in two parts of the ear called the utricle and saccule.

The most prevalent peripheral vestibular end-organ illness, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is characterized by a rapid, brief gyratory sensation accompanied by distinctive nystagmus.