Nonparametric methods provide a flexible framework for estimating the probability density function of random variables without imposing a strict parametric model. By relying directly on observed data, ...

We propose a method for reconstructing a probability density function (pdf) from a sample of an n-dimensional probability distribution. The method works by iteratively applying some simple ...

The KDE procedure performs either univariate or bivariate kernel density estimation. Statistical density estimation involves approximating a hypothesized probability density function from observed ...

Our eLibrary offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats. Building on the widely-used double-lognormal approach by Bahra (1997), this paper presents a multi-lognormal approach with ...

Continuity or discontinuity of probability density functions of data often plays a fundamental role in empirical economic analysis. For example, for identification and inference of causal effects in ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...